Method of weighing



Nov. 1, 1932. 1,885,356

E. KARRER METHOD OF WEIGHING Filed May 21, 1929 HUE/:72275 'Ina/:b EEEEEPatented Nov. 1, 1932 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE ENOCH KARRER, OFAKRON, OHIO, ASSIGNOB TO THE B, F. GOODRICH COMPANY, OI' NEW YORK, N.Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK METHOD F WEIGHING Application led May 21,

This invention relates to the weighing of materials and is of especialvalue in rapidly obtaining the approximate weights of a succession ofarticles, as in determining which of the articles are over weight andwhich are under weight with relation to a determinate standard weight.

Economy of time in the weighing of articles is the chief object of theinvention, a more specificobject being to avoid the delay of waiting foror etl'ecting static balance of a scale to obtain the weight reading.

I accomplish these objects in the preferred practice oitn my inventionby applying to the article a determinate force-distance regimen, whichis to say by performing a determinate amount of work upon the articleand thereby imparting to it a determinte amount of kinetic energy, whichamount preferably is modified by a torce such as that of gravity actingupon the article, and then determining approximately the mass of thearticle by noting the distance, in a counter force-distance regimen,through which the article is carried byits kinetic energy or that of asystem of which it is a part.

My new method is especially well adapted to be practiced by the use of aweighing device or scale ot the general type oi that shown in my PatentNo. 1,798,538, March 31, 1931, and for the purpose ot clear illustrationof procedure constituting the resent method, but not for the purpose oflimitation, a device of that general type is shown in the accompanyingdrawing, of which:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a scale adapted for the practice of myinvention in its preferred form, in balance, a part being sectioned andbroken away.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of parts of the same showing the positions of theparts in readiness or the application of the determinate force-distanceregimen to the article of which the mass or weight is to be determined.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the positions to which the parts aremoved, in the counter force-distance regimen, by the kinetic energyimparted in the rst force-distance regimen.

Referring to the drawing, the device here 1929., serial No, 364,767.

shown for the practice of my invention consists of a parallel-motionscale having scale pans 10, 11 mounted upon the usual knifeedges 12, 13at the respective ends of a scale beam 14, fulcrumed by means of aknifeedge 15 upon the scale standard 16, the downwardly-eXtending yokesof the scale pans having rigidly secured thereto respective verticalrods 17, 18 which are hinged to outer ends of respective bars 19, 20,each having an effective length equal to half that of the scale beam 14,and the bars 19, 20 having their inner ends pivoted in the scalestandard 16 at 21, directly under the knife-edge l5, so that the scalebeam 14 and the bars 19, 20, with the vertical bars 17, 18 and the scalepans 10, 11, constitute a parallel motion and the scale pansconsequently are maintained with their upper faces horizontal as theyrise and descend.

The scale is provided with an indicator 22 extending upward from themiddle of the scale beam and with a dial 23 upon which the indicatorreads zero when the scale pans are at one limit of their movement out ofbalance, which limit is imposed by a stopwdisc 24 on the yoke of thescale-pan 10 abutting the top` of a hollow column 25 through which therod 17 extends, the movement ofthe scale pans in the opposite directionbeing similarly limited, at the maximum reading of the indicator 22, bya stop-disc 26 on the yoke of the scale pan 11 abutting the top of ahollow column 27 surrounding the rod 18.

A balancing weight 28 is mounted on a screw 29 mounted in an arch formedin the base of the indicator.

Lightly opposing movement of the scale beam 14 out of horizontalposition in either direction a Hat spring 30 is mounted on the standard16, its end portions lightly bearing upward against the heads ofrespective abutment screws 31, 32 when the beam is horizontal, and morestrongly lopposingr an eXtreme movement of the beam in either di rectionbut operative only when the beam has made a substantial departure fromthe horizontal position a stronger spring 33 is mounted upon thestandard 16 and has on its endr portions respective abutment knobs 34,35

adapted to be engaged by the respective end portions of the lightspringr 30, so that in the cxtreme parts of the latters range 1t isassisted by the stift' springY 33.

Under each arm ofthe spring 33 a set screw, 36 or 37, -i s i threadedthrough :a ibrwackct, 5t-3 or 39, forniedontthe standard 5116 andbearsagainst the under face of the spring, the set screw being adjustable todetermine the strain undcrwvliiclrthe spring'will be placed'when thescale pans are atthc'liinlt'of'theirmovement.

In the practice of my improved method by means of this apparatusastandard yweight 40 is placed upon one of the scale pans, thearticle;tofbe-weinhem-suchas the block vetl, is placedupon the otherscalefpan and the latter scale' pan i is depreseed by the! operator tovthe -limitot itsfmovenienhas shown in Fig. f2, Y0 Whiclrputs theadjacent arnis'o'frboth ofthe springsBO, 33 under strain.

The I operator *then quickly withdraws 'his hand .and thereby'permitsthe springsto raise the scale panlcarrying the block tlxaii'rhby "'5applying' a determinate forcedistance :regifmcnto'thesystemiincludingthe `scale pans .and the articles thereon,theepringsfpenforni upon the Asystem a determinateamount of work, which`is in'part consumed 4bvithe resistance' of gravity it'- th'ei blockA 4lis i heavier :thanithe Weight 40, withnonly agpartxgoing vinto kineticenergycand Which, on the other fhand, is augmented hfvntheitorceogrravity,

)with lresultant high zlrinctic \enerigy, 'if 'the "b block All islighter than the Weight V10.

-The `velocity f of f the `system #causes the 1indica-torto continuepaststhe pesitionitiwould -wccupy infstaticbalancent;the` syst/em,'untilthe :motion :is `)stopped and reversed l'bv :the '40 other :arms of fthesprings, :and v'when tthe @block 41 isilightzthe indieatorvvillizzofarther ythan when fthe block is heava7 Knot f only because more offIthe initial vspringfenerafy :has

gonefintokinetic energyabut' also because the 45continued-resistance'dfggravitv is the'less'in the oase o'tthe lightblock-21nd,'ittheiblo'ck 4l is 'lighter than lthe 'Wcightd :the 'force.of

. gravity l operates, 'throughout the initial .im-

pulse and also throughout the4 applicationfof the rctarding force,to-give a longthrow to the indicator.

Having noted on thescalevthefmaxiinuin throw oftheyindicator'vvithfaiblock 4l of equal mass withl the/Weight '40,:theoperator can readily determine, bvnoting the throw o; the'indicatoriinthel operation as 'described iand without waitingr forstatic'balance,'not only7 Whether -a given' block isl over-weight orunder Weight with relation to'thastandartl Weiglitflbut also, witha'higrh deareefof accuracy. the amount by whiclrit differs 'from Vthestandard Weight, and-inthe casev of test samples or'the like which isdesired to cut tora standard Weight he is enabled to'determine quicklyhow much of-thefmaterial'isrequired to be removed, after which he caneffect the removal of the proper part of the material and then check theresult by either repeating the dynamic Weighing operation described orby using the scale in the manner of an ordi nary: bala-nceaor by'both.

Thermethod not only. resultsinfagneat savingr of time, especially in thecourse of a long succession of Weighings such as are required"'forcutting test samples or theI like to standard 'Weight,butalso'g'ives a'magniled reading as vcompared with a static balance of aspring scale, since a factor in the throw of the in- ,dicatorisitheproduct of the force of gravity times the distance of movement insteadof :merelytheorce of gravity unmultipliedrand accuracy: also' probably 1resultszfrornitheact -that :the :friction Yinvolved iszthe friction 'offmotion fand not static friction.

:It visy especially a convenient to perorm the metliodiby meansotaparallel motionrcale, as such a scale provides accuracypf .rresultwithout; great'care in`the f placing` of fthe ar- 'ticle-s .center 'ofgravity with relation f to the ipanvor great carrerinthe'applicationaand Terinovalof the manual force.

The use :of fthe `two springs of diiferent strengths Aas describedyprovides :a 'desirable `force-distaniee regimen permitting ithe- 'dy-.nfamicuweighingi ot'articles owidely .different Weights .wand `also:adapts 'the scale of :both ffilynamic fand'staticweighingyvith adesirablry lla-rgeeseale rcading'fasf to -staticvweigliingtthe :li gh-tspringaloner being eiective throughout -aiwidemange in: static weighing.

xVariat-ions of: myI process aref possibileiwith- 4inthe scope' oftheappendedrclaims.

ilplairn:

il. :The fmethod of weighing which im yprieesyapplying -tothe articleto'Y bewweighedia determinate amount of energy inaoppositen ltoigravityto give? itwelocity, subjecting; itr'to a @tainingf the' distance'through which) it: isf-oar ried byvelocity against. gravity"andtthersaiiil additional stopping force, and :gauginguthe *Weight of,the articlethy the magnitudes otthe saidy distanceand thestopping'forces.

z2. The method of Weighingwhich oomprises subjectingr the articletoa-:substantially constant force :acting -continuously .in 'fthe sam-efdirection and,whiie so' doingoausingfxa 'determinate'amountfoffenergyitofbe exerted upon the article to give itvelocity'imopposit-iento the said forca-subjecting it tofafs'toppingforce in addition'to the said/constant force, ascertaining the distancethrough which it f is carried -by `velocity 'against lvsaid constant'force and said additional-stopping force, andfgauging-theweight ofethearticle by the vrnagmitudesof the said distance. Yand l the stoppingforces.

-In lWitness whereof TI have hereuntofsetmy hand this 18th day of May,1929.

' ENQGH

